自建 OwnTrack 追蹤個人 GPS 軌跡服務

雖然 Google Map 有提供這功能, 不過很多人想記錄自己軌跡, 但又不想讓 Google 掌握自己的隱私, 就會有這個需求
官網 - https://owntracks.org/
- 手機 APP iOS Android
GitHub - https://github.com/owntracks

graph TB %% External Components Mobile[📱 OwnTracks Mobile App
MQTT + WebSocket] Browser[🌐 Web Browser] External[🌍 External MQTT Clients] WebApp[📱 Mobile Web App
WebSocket Only] %% Docker Services subgraph "Docker Environment" subgraph "Mosquitto MQTT Broker" MQTT[Eclipse Mosquitto
Port: 1883, 9001] end subgraph "OwnTracks Recorder" Recorder[OwnTracks Recorder
Port: 8083
HTTP API] end subgraph "Frontend Web Interface" Frontend[OwnTracks Frontend
Port: 80
Nginx Web Server] end end %% Storage subgraph "Data Storage" MosquittocConf[(Mosquitto Config
./mosquitto/config)] MosquittoData[(Mosquitto Data
./mosquitto/data)] MosquittoLog[(Mosquitto Logs
./mosquitto/log)] RecorderStore[(Location Data
./store)] AuthFile[(Authentication
./auth/users.auth)] end %% Data Flow - Location Publishing Mobile -.->|MQTT Publish
Location Data
Port 1883| MQTT Mobile -.->|WebSocket Publish
Location Data
Port 9001| MQTT External -.->|MQTT Publish
Location Data
Port 1883| MQTT WebApp -.->|WebSocket Publish
Location Data
Port 9001| MQTT %% Internal MQTT Subscription MQTT -->|MQTT Subscribe
Location Topics| Recorder %% Data Storage Flow Recorder --> RecorderStore MQTT --> MosquittoData MQTT --> MosquittoLog %% Web Interface Flow Browser -->|HTTP Request
Port 80| Frontend Frontend -->|HTTP API Calls
Port 8083| Recorder Recorder -->|JSON Response
Location Data| Frontend Frontend -->|HTML/JS/CSS| Browser %% Configuration and Authentication MQTT -.-> MosquittocConf Recorder -.-> AuthFile %% WebSocket for Real-time (optional) MQTT -.->|WebSocket
Port 9001| Browser %% Styling classDef service fill:#e1f5fe,stroke:#01579b,stroke-width:2px classDef storage fill:#f3e5f5,stroke:#4a148c,stroke-width:2px classDef external fill:#e8f5e8,stroke:#1b5e20,stroke-width:2px class MQTT,Recorder,Frontend service class MosquittoData,MosquittoLog,RecorderStore,AuthFile,ConfigFile storage class Mobile,Browser,External external

安裝與設定目錄檔案配置

.
├── auth
│   └── users.auth
├── docker-compose.yml
├── .env
└── mosquitto
    └── config
        ├── mosquitto.conf
        └── passwd

docker-compose.yml

services:
  mosquitto:
    image: eclipse-mosquitto:2
    ports:
      - 1883:1883
      - 9001:9001
    volumes:
      - ./mosquitto/config:/mosquitto/config
      - ./mosquitto/data:/mosquitto/data
      - ./mosquitto/log:/mosquitto/log
    restart: unless-stopped
 
  otrecorder:
    image: owntracks/recorder
    ports:
      - 8083:8083
    volumes:
      - ./store:/store
      - ./config:/config
      - ./auth:/auth
    restart: unless-stopped
    environment:
      - OTR_HOST=mosquitto
      - OTR_PORT=1883
      - OTR_USER=${OTR_USER}
      - OTR_PASS=${OTR_PASS}
      - OTR_HTTPPORT=8083
      - OTR_AUTHFILE=/auth/users.auth
    depends_on:
      - mosquitto
 
  owntracks-frontend:
    image: owntracks/frontend
    ports:
      - 80:80
    environment:
      - SERVER_HOST=otrecorder
      - SERVER_PORT=8083
    restart: unless-stopped

https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tryweb/docker-compose/refs/heads/main/owntracks/docker-compose.yml

到 .env 內設定 recoder 存取 MQTT 的帳號密碼
```
vi .env
```
- .env
```
OTR_USER=recorder
OTR_PASS=recorderpass
 
```
  https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tryweb/docker-compose/refs/heads/main/owntracks/.env.example

產生 MQTT 的設定檔 mosquitto/config/mosquitto.conf

mkdir -p mosquitto/config/
vi mosquitto/config/mosquitto.conf

mosquitto/config/mosquitto.conf

listener 1883
protocol mqtt
 
listener 9001
protocol websockets
 
allow_anonymous true
#allow_anonymous false
#password_file /mosquitto/config/passwd
 
log_dest file /mosquitto/log/mosquitto.log
log_type error
log_type warning
log_type notice
log_type information
#log_type debug
#log_type subscribe
#log_type unsubscribe
 
persistence true
persistence_location /mosquitto/data/
 
max_inflight_messages 20
max_queued_messages 1000
 
allow_zero_length_clientid true
 
connection_messages true
log_timestamp true

https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tryweb/docker-compose/refs/heads/main/owntracks/mosquitto/config/mosquitto.conf

產生可存取 MQTT 的帳號密碼檔

touch mosquitto/config/passwd
chmod 0770 mosquitto/config/passwd

設定直接存取 OTRecorder 的帳號密碼檔 auth/users.auth (不透過 MQTT 直接存取)
```
mkdir -p auth
vi auth/users.auth
```
- auth/users.auth
```
# OwnTracks 用戶認證檔案
# 格式：username:password
# 每行一個用戶
 
jonathan:mypassword
```
  https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tryweb/docker-compose/refs/heads/main/owntracks/auth/users.auth

第一次啟動服務

docker compose pull
docker compose up -d

查看相關紀錄

docker compose 紀錄
```
docker compose logs -f
```
MQTT 紀錄
```
tail -f mosquitto/log/mosquitto.log
```

建立 Recoder 存取 MQTT 的帳號密碼(定義在 .env 內) Exp. recorder / recorderpass

docker compose exec mosquitto chown root:root /mosquitto/config/passwd
docker compose exec mosquitto mosquitto_passwd /mosquitto/config/passwd recorder

輸入兩次密碼 recorderpass 即可

建立 jonathan 存取 MQTT 的帳號密碼 Exp. jonathan / mypassword
```
docker compose exec mosquitto mosquitto_passwd /mosquitto/config/passwd jonathan
```
輸入兩次密碼 mypassword 即可

直接連 OTRecoder

Connection 要選 HTTP
- 看畫面
設定 Endpoint 的 URL Exp. http://192.168.11.200:8083/pub 一定要加上 /pub 才可以
設定 Credentials 的 Username 與 Password 要和 auth/users.auth 內設定的相同
- 看畫面

連 MQTT (才可看到 Friends)

Connection 要選 MQTT
- 看畫面
設定 Endpoint
- Host/Port Exp. 192.168.11.200 / 9001 (WebSocket)
- Client ID Exp. jonathan (建議和 Credentials 的 Username 相同
- Use WebSockets : 啟用
- 看畫面
設定 Identification
- Device ID Exp. pixel9
- Tracker ID Exp. jt (會顯示在 Android 的地圖上)
  - 看畫面
設定 Credentials (設定在 mosquitto/config/passwd)
- Username Exp. jonathan
- Password Exp. mypassword
TLS 關閉
Parameters
- Keepalive : 3600
- Clean Session : 啟動
看設定畫面

Frontend - http://192.168.11.200
OTRecorder - http://192.168.11.200:8083

這樣的設定好處是, 手機連上哪個網路都可以立即回報, 不用等回到可連上內網的網路才統一回報

目前 MQTT + WebSocket 服務還無法成功透過 Cloudflare Tunnel 設定方式提供對外服務

以 Endpoint 的 URL Exp. http://192.168.11.200:8083/pub 為例, 預計對應成 https://rec-track.ichiayi.com

以 Endpoint 的 Host: mqtt.ichiayi.com Port:80 為例, 預計對應成 http://192.168.11.200:9001

因為在相同裝置 Exp. Android, 修改設定中的 Device ID, Username 就會在主機端自動建立不同的目錄 Exp. Device ID : pixel9 , Username : jonathan 就會在 store/rec 與 store/last 都會建立出 jonathan/pixel9 的目錄
如果想要將 store/rec 內的紀錄檔 Exp. 2025-05.rec 進行合併 Exp. jonathan/jonathan/2025-05.rec → jonathan/pixel9/2025-05.rec
1. 備份與合併 2025-05.rec
```
cd store/rec/jonathan/pixel9
cp 2025-05.rec 2025-05.rec.bak
cat ../jonathan/2025-05.rec >> 2025-05.rec
```
2. 將合併後的檔案依照資料時間進行排序
```
sort -s -k 1 2025-05.rec -o 2025-05.rec
```
3. 刪除 data.mdb 資料檔
```
cd
rm -f store/ghash/data.mdb
```
4. 重起 otrecorder 服務
```
docker compose restart otrecorder
docker compose logs -f otrecorder
```

因為在相同裝置 Exp. Android, 修改設定中的 Device ID, Username 就會在主機端自動建立不同的目錄 Exp. Device ID : jonathan , Username : jonathan 就會在 store/rec 與 store/last 都會建立出 jonathan/jonathan 的目錄

針對這檔案型的作法就是直接刪除檔案 Exp. 刪除 jonathan/jonathan

cd
rm -rf store/rec/jonathan/jonathan/
rm -rf store/last/jonathan/jonathan/
rm -f store/ghash/data.mdb

重起 otrecorder 服務
```
docker compose restart otrecorder
```

刪除 MQTT 的資料後, 重起服務

rm mosquitto/data/mosquitto.db
docker compose restart mosquitto

在 Android 需要進入 Friends→ 點選要刪除的項目 Exp. jt → 將畫面底下訊息上拉 → 點選 CLEAR
- 看畫面

track

自建 OwnTrack 追蹤個人 GPS 軌跡服務

架構圖

安裝服務

Server 端

docker-compose.yml

.env

mosquitto/config/mosquitto.conf

auth/users.auth

手機端

直接連 OTRecoder

連 MQTT (才可看到 Friends)

管理端可以看到畫面

設定 Reverse Proxy 方式

透過 Cloudflare Tunnel 設定 OTRecorder 對外服務

透過 Nginx Proxy Manager 設定 MQTT + WebSocket 對外服務

常見問題

1. 合併兩個 rec 作法

2. 刪除特定 user 或 device 作法

參考網址